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The diagram below shows the movement of particles. What does this piece of evidence best support?
The diagram depicts the movement of particles in a given substance, providing valuable evidence to support the theory of Brownian motion. Brownian motion is the random movement of particles suspended in a fluid due to the continuous collision with other particles. It was first observed by the Scottish botanist Robert Brown in 1827 and later explained by Albert Einstein in 1905.
This evidence strongly supports the theory of Brownian motion because the diagram clearly illustrates the erratic and unpredictable paths taken by the particles. The particles appear to move in a zigzag pattern, constantly changing direction due to the collisions with other particles. This behavior is consistent with the concept of Brownian motion, where the particles are in constant motion and their paths are influenced by molecular collisions.
The diagram also demonstrates the concept of diffusion, which is the gradual movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. As the particles move, they spread out evenly throughout the substance, creating a more uniform distribution. This is evident in the diagram as the particles disperse and fill the available space.
FAQs:
1. What is Brownian motion?
Brownian motion refers to the random movement of particles suspended in a fluid due to continuous collisions with other particles.
2. Who discovered Brownian motion?
The Scottish botanist Robert Brown first observed Brownian motion in 1827.
3. How was Brownian motion explained?
Albert Einstein provided an explanation for Brownian motion in 1905, linking it to the kinetic theory of gases.
4. What is the significance of Brownian motion?
Brownian motion provides evidence for the existence of atoms and molecules and supports the kinetic theory of matter.
5. What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the gradual movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
6. How does diffusion occur?
Diffusion occurs due to the random motion of particles, which leads to their gradual spread throughout a substance.
7. How is the diagram related to Brownian motion?
The diagram illustrates the random and erratic movement of particles, supporting the theory of Brownian motion. It also demonstrates the concept of diffusion as the particles disperse and fill the available space.
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